Enhancing heat transfer in compact thermal systems remains a key engineering challenge, where internal geometry plays a decisive role in disrupting flow, increasing surface exposure, and boosting ...
Figure 1a,b illustrates the geometry of the studied microfluidic chip. The microchannel has a length (L) of 250 μm and a height (H) of 40 μm. The reaction surface, measuring 20 μm, is situated on the ...