Tunnels have various applications in civil and mining engineering, such as in power generation, transportation, drainage, and irrigation. In underground mining, tunnels allow access to the ore body ...

Partial differential equations (PDEs) indeed play a crucial role in engineering, physical and chemical fields. They are regarded as the foundation of many mathematical and physical simulations in real ...

Across modern data-intensive disciplines, the union of numerical computation, statistics, and machine learning has become ...