Among the switches of various kinds of loads, the circuit of the switch is of particular interest, controlled by varying signal duration. So, for example, feeding a short pulse to the input will turn ...

Digital/binary sensors and switches are essential for signal monitoring and system control in industrial control, industrial automation, motor control, and process automation. All the sensors’ outputs ...

Editor’s Note: NAND and NOR Flash memory play an integral role in embedded systems of all sorts but successful implementation requires careful attention to key ...

Using pulse outputs from a PLC is a cost-effective way to get simple motion. Most, if not all, PLC manufacturers provide a way to control servos and steppers using a pulse train signal. So when a ...

Network analysis is a powerful and well-established method of characterizing and optimizing a control system. [1] Unfortunately, making a successful measurement can be difficult and frustrating ...

The most common method for sharing data between devices is via a digital means of communications. Several standard buses implement such methods, with the main differences between them being data rate ...

Figure 1. The standardized tape recording and playback EQ curves. The next aspect of analog tape recording is an interesting one, for it can also apply to audio transmission on long circuits ...